About the project:
Nanotechnology and nanomaterials have important role in several fields, as environment protection, medicine, chemical and food industry. The precious metal nanoparticles, particularly gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) can be applied as efficient drug delivery systems, catalysts or biosensors due to their biocompatibility, huge surface area and stable chemical and physical properties.
AuNPs can be synthesized in a wide variety of shapes and sizes using several physical, chemical and biological methods, but in many cases they have high energy demand and environmental load. Traditionally, AuNPs have been synthesized by wet synthetic chemical methods, however these chemical methods have several drawbacks such as use of toxic chemicals, stringent synthesis conditions and formation of toxic residues. Therefore, there is an increasing demand to develop environmentally friendly synthesis methods. Biological methods – synthesis of nanoparticles by plant extracts, fungi or bacteria – can overcome these problems (bio-AuNPs, Vágó et al. 2016). In addition several microorganisms, mesophilic and thermophilic fungi appear to be more promising for the production of nanoparticles. The properties of AuNPs are fine tunable by the optimization of the fermentation process. The objective of our consortium is to develop a novel biotechnological method for AuNP synthesis performed by an eco-friendly, “green” process in laboratory or on industrial scale.
One of the most important applications of AuNPs is the biosensor development (Chauhan et al., 2016; Salam et al., 2013). The isolated bio-AuNPs with well-defined physical and chemical properties, after cleaning and surface modifications, can be applied for promising amplifier of real-time quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) sensors. QCM immunosensors can be used for sensitive and rapid detection of aflatoxin (e.g. in cereals, spice pepper), which has key role in several agricultural production and food safety (Adányi et al., 2007; Wang et al. 2016).
The amplifier effect of AuNPs will be investigated in direct and indirect (competitive) immunoreactions. The immobilization of AuNPs on biosensor surface increases the specific surface area and the covalent attachment of AuNPs to the proper antibody causes weight increase, thereby the specific signal of biosensor can be amplified.
The operational parameters and effectiveness of novel bio-AuNPs will be compared with chemically synthesized AuNPs in the application of two different QCM biosensors.
Vágó, A., Szakács G., Sáfrán, G., Horváth, R., Pécz, B., Lagzi, I. (2016) One-step green synthesis of gold nanoparticles by mesophilic filamentous fungi. Chem Phys Let, 645, 1-4.
Adányi, N., Levkovets, I.A., Rodriguez, G.S., Ronald, A., Váradi, M., Szendrő, I. (2007) Development of immunosensor based on owls technique for determining aflatoxin B1 and ochratoxin A. Biosens. Bioelectron., 22 (6) 797-802.
Wang, X., Niessner, R., Tang, D., Knopp, D. (2016) Nanoparticle-based immunosensors and immunoassays for aflatoxins. Anal. Chim. Acta, 912, 10-23.
Chauhan, R., Singh, J., Solanki, P.R., Manaka, T., Iwamoto, M., Basu, T., Malhotra, B.D. (2016) Label-free piezoelectric immunosensor decorated with gold nanoparticles: Kinetic analysis and biosensing application. Sens. Actuators B: Chem., 222, 804-814.
Salam, F., Uludag, Y., Tothill, I.E. (2013) Real-time and sensitive detection of Salmonella Typhimurium using an automated quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) instrument with nanoparticles amplification. Talanta, 115, 761-767.
AuNPs can be synthesized in a wide variety of shapes and sizes using several physical, chemical and biological methods, but in many cases they have high energy demand and environmental load. Traditionally, AuNPs have been synthesized by wet synthetic chemical methods, however these chemical methods have several drawbacks such as use of toxic chemicals, stringent synthesis conditions and formation of toxic residues. Therefore, there is an increasing demand to develop environmentally friendly synthesis methods. Biological methods – synthesis of nanoparticles by plant extracts, fungi or bacteria – can overcome these problems (bio-AuNPs, Vágó et al. 2016). In addition several microorganisms, mesophilic and thermophilic fungi appear to be more promising for the production of nanoparticles. The properties of AuNPs are fine tunable by the optimization of the fermentation process. The objective of our consortium is to develop a novel biotechnological method for AuNP synthesis performed by an eco-friendly, “green” process in laboratory or on industrial scale.
One of the most important applications of AuNPs is the biosensor development (Chauhan et al., 2016; Salam et al., 2013). The isolated bio-AuNPs with well-defined physical and chemical properties, after cleaning and surface modifications, can be applied for promising amplifier of real-time quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) sensors. QCM immunosensors can be used for sensitive and rapid detection of aflatoxin (e.g. in cereals, spice pepper), which has key role in several agricultural production and food safety (Adányi et al., 2007; Wang et al. 2016).
The amplifier effect of AuNPs will be investigated in direct and indirect (competitive) immunoreactions. The immobilization of AuNPs on biosensor surface increases the specific surface area and the covalent attachment of AuNPs to the proper antibody causes weight increase, thereby the specific signal of biosensor can be amplified.
The operational parameters and effectiveness of novel bio-AuNPs will be compared with chemically synthesized AuNPs in the application of two different QCM biosensors.
Vágó, A., Szakács G., Sáfrán, G., Horváth, R., Pécz, B., Lagzi, I. (2016) One-step green synthesis of gold nanoparticles by mesophilic filamentous fungi. Chem Phys Let, 645, 1-4.
Adányi, N., Levkovets, I.A., Rodriguez, G.S., Ronald, A., Váradi, M., Szendrő, I. (2007) Development of immunosensor based on owls technique for determining aflatoxin B1 and ochratoxin A. Biosens. Bioelectron., 22 (6) 797-802.
Wang, X., Niessner, R., Tang, D., Knopp, D. (2016) Nanoparticle-based immunosensors and immunoassays for aflatoxins. Anal. Chim. Acta, 912, 10-23.
Chauhan, R., Singh, J., Solanki, P.R., Manaka, T., Iwamoto, M., Basu, T., Malhotra, B.D. (2016) Label-free piezoelectric immunosensor decorated with gold nanoparticles: Kinetic analysis and biosensing application. Sens. Actuators B: Chem., 222, 804-814.
Salam, F., Uludag, Y., Tothill, I.E. (2013) Real-time and sensitive detection of Salmonella Typhimurium using an automated quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) instrument with nanoparticles amplification. Talanta, 115, 761-767.